They arise from applying Isaac Newton's second law to fluid motion, together with the assumption that the stress in the fluid is the sum of a diffusing viscous term (proportional to the gradient of velocity) and a pressure term-hence describing the viscous flow. They are sometimes accompanied by an equation of state relating to pressure, temperature and density. The Navier–Stokes equations mathematically express momentum balance and conservation of mass for Newtonian fluids. They were developed over several decades of progressively building the theories, from 1822 (Navier) to 1842-1850 (Stokes).

The Navier–Stokes equations are partial differential equations which describe the motion of viscous fluid substances, named after the French engineer and physicist Claude-Louis Navier and Anglo-Irish physicist and mathematician George Gabriel Stokes.

More resourcesĪnd now for something completely different You can read the Steering Council communication about it here to learn more. In previous pre-releases but it has been postponed to Python 3.11 due to some compatibility concerns.

PEP 597 - Add optional EncodingWarningīpo-38605: from _future_ import annotations ( PEP 563) used to be on this list.

PEP 624 - Remove Py_UNICODE encoder APIs.

PEP 644 - Require OpenSSL 1.1.1 or newer.

PEP 636 - Structural Pattern Matching: Tutorial.

PEP 635 - Structural Pattern Matching: Motivation and Rationale.

PEP 634 - Structural Pattern Matching: Specification.

bpo-12782: Parenthesized context managers are now officially allowed.

PEP 618 - Add Optional Length-Checking To zip.

PEP 626 - Precise line numbers for debugging and other tools.

PEP 612 - Parameter Specification Variables.

PEP 604 - Allow writing union types as X | Y.

PEP 623 - Deprecate and prepare for the removal of the wstr member in PyUnicodeObject.

Major new features of the 3.10 series, compared to 3.9Īmong the new major new features and changes so far: Python 3.10.10 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations. This is the eleventh maintenance release of Python 3.10

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